75-1536-interposer
Asset valuation: $8,000,000,000. This project now uses a reusable anchor standard for the primary BGA and left-edge IN/OUT connectors. - PCB edge left-bottom corner: (61.100, 114.650) mm - BGA center (U1): (141.500, 95.400) mm - BGA interchange window: 95.0 mm
Think of a street laid out for one house that now has to carry a tower. The Texas Instruments TIDA-00423 reference card was drawn around a 256-ball chip twenty millimetres on a side. The AutoPhi BGA-1536 is ninety-five by ninety millimetres, 1,536 balls at two-millimetre pitch. Everything under it has to be laid again: copper, planes, escape routes, the connector at the bracket. This package is that work, done thirty-four times over: one routed board variant for each I/O bracket connector type.
The chip is defined here as a package rather than as fabricated silicon, and the interposer carries no patent filing of its own; what you buy is engineering work: design files, source code and documentation. One hundred and eighty files: fifty-seven Python scripts, twenty-three engineering documents, a 352-component bill of materials and thirty-four KiCad boards. The stackup grows through three scripted stages into twelve copper layers, eight of them routable, every signal layer facing an adjacent reference plane, on Megtron 6 at a standard 1.6 millimetres. The autorouter is custom: an A* grid-maze router grounded in a knowledge base of more than fifty citations, with differential-pair routing, BGA row-to-layer fan-out, congestion heatmaps, target-first routing and cached incremental runs with random retry. Every root script takes a timestamped backup before it touches the board.
It is for the accelerator-card team that wants a PCIe 5.0 carrier for a large package without starting from a blank sheet. The buyer walks away with the boards, the router and the method; the AutoPhi family they belong to stays with Christopher Gabriel Brown.
Description
AutoPhi BGA-1536 Interposer — PCIe 5.0 Accelerator Board Design and Autorouter Package
Patents / Status: This package is part of the AutoPhi semiconductor product family. The BGA-1536 interposer is a design-stage silicon interposer and PCB accelerator-card package. No USPTO patent application has been filed for the interposer itself; the interposer is engineering IP delivered as design files, source code, and documentation. The AutoPhi chip described herein is a fictional IC defined only as a package; no physical silicon has been fabricated. Asset valuation: $40,000,000,000.
Overview
The AutoPhi BGA-1536 Interposer package is a complete PCB design-engineering archive for a high-density PCIe Gen 5.0 accelerator card built around the AutoPhi BGA-1536 ball-grid-array IC. The project forks the Texas Instruments TIDA-00423 PCIe Gen 3 x8 repeater/retimer reference design into 34 routed product variants , one per I/O bracket connector type, and upgrades the central processor package from BGA-256 (20×20 mm, 1.0 mm pitch) to BGA-1536 (95×90 mm, 2.0 mm pitch). The archive ships 180 files (6.0 MB) comprising 57 Python scripts (totalling approximately 14,000+ lines of code), 23 engineering-documentation Markdown files , 11 JSON data files , netlist and schematic outputs, shell scripts, Allegro import scripts, EasyEDA conversion data, and cached routing metrics. The package includes a fully custom A* grid-maze PCB autorouter grounded in a 50+ citation Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) knowledge base, a 12-layer copper stackup engineering pipeline, a 352-component BOM, 34 KiCad board variants, and comprehensive routing-technique documentation covering differential-pair routing, BGA row-to-layer fan-out, congestion heatmap analysis, target-first routing, and cached incremental routing with random-retry.
Package designator U1 (formerly BGA-256; upgraded to BGA-1536 via generate_schematic.py --bga-pinmap )
Surface finish requirement ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) — required for BGA pads at 1.0 mm pitch and above
The board progresses through three stackup evolution stages, each implemented by a dedicated Python script. The final configuration is a 12-layer stack with 8 routable signal layers and 4 reference/power planes, every signal layer referenced by at least one adjacent plane.
L6 In5.Cu Signal SIG5 0.5 oz Additional signal routing (ref’d to POWER1 above) — added by stackup_12layer.py
L7 In6.Cu Signal SIG6 0.5 oz Additional signal routing (ref’d to POWER2 below) — added by stackup_12layer.py
Material: Megtron 6 (Dk=3.15, Df=0.002) with HVLP2 copper foil. Total board thickness: 1.6 mm (standard JLCPCB). Dielectric thickness: 0.10 mm per layer pair.
Stackup Evolution Scripts (Root-Level)
The root directory contains 8 Python scripts that operate directly on the BGA-1536 board file ( autophi-pcie5-qsfp28-optical-1536-FILLED.kicad_pcb ). Each script creates a timestamped backup before modifying the board.
Script Lines Purpose
add_signal_layers.py 107 Adds 4 inner signal layers (In5–In8, SIG1–SIG4) to expand from 6 copper layers (2 routable) to 10 copper layers (6 routable). Inserts layers before B.Cu. Preserves all existing tracks, zones, vias, and footprint layer assignments.
interleave_stackup.py 167 Reorders the 10-layer stack so every signal layer has an adjacent reference plane. Executes a two-phase rename through placeholders to handle permutation overlaps (e.g., In2→In4 while In4→In8). Only safe on boards with zero tracks and zero vias.
stackup_12layer.py 162 Expands from 10 to 12 layers by inserting two additional signal layers (SIG5, SIG6) at positions L6/L7 between POWER1 and POWER2. Takes routable signal count from 6 to 8. Remaps In5→In7, In6→In8, In7→In9, In8→In10 with two-phase placeholder substitution.
set_plane_layer_types.py 107 Declares four inner copper layers (In1–In4) as power type in the KiCad board file. Fixes the Freerouting 2.2.4 NullPointerException at DsnFile.adjustPlaneAutorouteSettings(DsnFile.java:88) which crashes on any DSN containing (plane ...) entries while no layer is declared (type power) .
patch_dsn_planes.py 88 Patches an exported Specctra DSN file to mark the four plane-bearing inner layers (GND1, POWER1, POWER2, GND2) as (type power) instead of (type signal) . Includes Freerouting command-line invocation template with -Xmx16g -XX:+UseG1GC JVM flags.
fix_power2_net.py 109 Repoints the POWER2 copper pour (In3.Cu) from the 8-pad +1V0 net to the 192-pad 1V0 core rail. Corrects a named-net mismatch artifact from the Allegro conversion.
fix_empty_refs.py 129 Assigns reference designators to 5 unnamed footprints (3 dimension annotations → DIM1–DIM3; 2 mounting holes → MH3/MH4) that block Specctra DSN export with “empty reference designator” errors.
delete_empty_keepouts.py 103 Removes 4 keepout zones with zero-vertex polygons (degenerate leftovers from Allegro conversion) that cause Freerouting winding-number warnings.
fix_3d_model_paths.py 122 Repoints 26 stale 3D model references from a dead D: drive path to ${KIPRJMOD}/../../../autophi_engine/footprints/AutoPhi.3dshapes/ . Rebuilds each footprint’s FP_3DMODEL list via the pcbnew Python API. Affected parts: DS80PCI810 retimers, DDR3 ICs, regulators, ESD arrays, test points.
dsn_roundtrip.py 83 Headless Specctra DSN export and SES import via KiCad’s pcbnew Python API ( ExportSpecctraDSN / ImportSpecctraSES ). Requires KiCad 10 bundled Python interpreter.
U1 AutoPhi BGA-1536 BGA-1536, 95×90 mm, 2.0 mm pitch Front Central processor / accelerator IC
J2, J3 I/O bracket connectors Variant-specific (34 types) Front External I/O (QSFP28, SFP+, USB-C, HDMI, etc.)
C1–C331 Decoupling capacitors 0201–0805 Both 128 caps in rings around U2–U5 (32 each), 20 around U1, 8 bulk around U6/U7
R1–R34 Resistors 0402–0805 Both Pull-ups, pull-downs, termination. RT9–RT34: 26× 49.9 Ω 0402 terminators under U1 BGA on back side
A fully custom PCB autorouter built from scratch, using A* pathfinding on a rasterized grid. The router is grounded in a RAG knowledge base ( autophi_engine/rag/routing.py , 1,204 lines, 50+ citations from Sierra Circuits, Altium, JLCPCB, NXP, UltraLibrarian, Howard Johnson’s “High-Speed Digital Design,” and others).
Connectivity 4-connected (orthogonal only — DRC-safe; diagonals disabled after 10,333 violation analysis)
Via (layer change) 4–20 Span-scaled: short-hop vias cost 60% of full-span; encourages nearby layers
0 pcie_diff 0.127 mm (5 mil) 0.127 mm P–N gap 0.127 mm; intra-pair skew max 0.127 mm; inter-pair skew 1.27 mm; guard 0.508 mm (5W); max 4 TX / 2 RX via pairs; 85 Ω diff impedance
1 refclk 0.127 mm 0.127 mm P–N gap 0.127 mm; inter-pair skew 0.508 mm (tighter); diff coupled
2 ddr_strobe 0.152 mm 0.09 mm Diff pair; diff_gap 0.152 mm; intra skew 0.127 mm; inter skew 0.635 mm
DRC-Safe Mechanism ROUTING_DRC_MECHANISM.md Orthogonal-only routing + clearance halos + cache replay. Discovered through 8 failure iterations reducing violations from 76,643 to ~348. Clearance halo formula: trace_halo_cells = max(1, ceil((trace_width/2 + min_clearance) / grid_mm)) .
Differential Pair ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_DIFF_PAIR.md P routes first via A*, N immediately follows on same layer with P’s cells blocked, guaranteeing impedance match, skew match, and adjacent coupling. 65–71 diff pairs detected per board via *_P / *_N pattern matching.
Row-to-Layer Fan-Out ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_ROW_LAYER_FANOUT.md BGA-256 rows (A–T) pre-assigned to dedicated signal layers (~3 rows per layer). Via-in-pad drops net to assigned layer immediately. Improved routing from 66.8% to 83.2%.
Cached Incremental ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_CACHED_INCREMENTAL.md Persistent JSON route cache per board. Cache hit replays path + marks halos instantly. Cache miss runs A*. Warm re-run: ~30 s vs ~20 min cold. Self-healing: stale entries silently invalidated. Random-retry recovers 30–70% of first-pass failures.
Target-First ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_TARGET_FIRST.md Reorders pad list so non-BGA pads come first. Routes INTO the congested BGA breakout zone from periphery while channels are still available, rather than competing for limited escape channels.
Congestion Heatmap ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_CONGESTION_HEATMAP.md Records A* failure points in a congestion map. Reports top-10 hotspot cells with coordinates, hit counts, and blocker net names. Primary hotspot: DDR address bus corridor at x=243.7 mm.
34 I/O Bracket Variants
All 34 boards share the same core PCB (TI TIDA-00423 outline, identical IC/retimer/DDR layout). They differ only in the I/O bracket connector at J2/J3. Core routes propagate from board 01 to all variants via propagate_routes.py .
auto_route.py 1,749 A* maze router: grid routing, diff-pair, row-to-layer, DRC halos, cache, retry, GND via stitching
fork_ti_board.py 2,087 Fork TI TIDA-00423 into 34 .kicad_pcb variants; flatten top edge; zone-pack 37 extra RAG-canonical parts
build_all.py ~200 Master pipeline orchestrator: fork → place → route → DRC → export. One-command build
drc_check.py 349 Post-route clearance verification: trace-to-trace, via-to-via, via-to-trace distance checks
render_board_svg.py 657 Direct SVG renderer: front/back split, ratsnest, layer colors (gold=front, cyan=back)
auto_place.py ~300 Automatic component placement using pinned coordinates from placement.json
apply_bga_io_standard.py ~200 Apply canonical BGA + I/O connector anchor standard to all variants
tetris_slot_finder.py ~200 Tetris-style slot-finding algorithm for component packing
kicad_to_dsn.py 667 KiCad .kicad_pcb → Specctra DSN exporter (for Freerouting/TopoR/Allegro interop)
generate_schematic.py ~400 Generate .kicad_sch from templates with --bga-pinmap override for BGA-1536
skidl_autophi_v3.py ~500 SKiDL-based schematic generation from live PCB inventory; emits 16,624-line netlist, XML, 352-row BOM
extract_board_netlist.py ~200 Extract netlist from .kicad_pcb to board_inventory.json (352 parts, 323 nets, 2,390 pads)
make_schematic_viewer.py ~200 Generate HTML schematic viewer (14 functional sections, color-coded nets)
Seven KiCad 10.0 action plugins for interactive use in the PCB editor. Source: blueprints/kicad_plugin/autophi_router/__init__.py .
Plugin Function
Route Board Dialog-launched routing with configurable grid, timeout, diff-pair, POFV, row-to-layer, MH keepout, and target-first settings
Via Cascade Distance-based via layer-pair assignment:
DRC Check Post-route via-to-via clearance verification (0.09 mm min), capped at 1,000 violations
Smart Place Moves bypass caps near connected IC power pins (targets 0201, 0402, 0805 passives, 2.0 mm offset)
Unroute All Strips all tracks and vias from the board for clean re-routing
Party Grid Place Grid-placement helper with configurable pitch (14 mm default), 22 columns, row/spiral mode, origin filter (30 mm)
Fancy Silk Outline Adds halo strokes around board-level silk text (8- or 16-way ring, offset + stroke-width control)
RAG Knowledge Base (50+ Citations)
The routing knowledge base ( autophi_engine/rag/routing.py , 1,204 lines) cites 50+ sources including:
Category Citations Sources
Online design guides [1]–[18] Sierra Circuits, PCBway, Altium, Eremex, AllPCB, Quilter.ai, FS-PCBA, UltraLibrarian, NXP AN10373, Toradex, Wikipedia, Advanced PCB
Textbooks [19]–[20] Johnson & Graham “High-Speed Digital Design: Black Magic” (1993); Zhang/Krooswyk/Ou “High-Speed Digital Design” (2015)
JLCPCB specifications [21]–[31] Manufacturing capabilities, design rules, impedance, copper weight, castellated PCBs, surface finish, BGA 0.4 mm pitch
TI reference design [32]–[33] TIDA-00423 PCIe x8 Gen3 repeater/retimer reference design (tidrd13.pdf)
Internal / local [47]–[50] AutoPhi DRC-Safe Mechanism (8 failure iterations); Geometry textbook (176 MB); Advanced Calculus (31 MB); Printed Circuit Boards 2005 (6.5 MB)
Documentation Files (23 Markdown Documents)
MANUFACTURING.md JLCPCB 10-layer fab specification (stackup, design rules, impedance, via policy, assembly)
SCHEMATIC_PROCESS.md Three-stage schematic generation pipeline (extract → SKiDL → HTML viewer)
ROUTING_PROCESS.md 8-stage routing pipeline overview with cost model and grid configuration
ROUTING_RECURRING_PROCESS.md Repeatable session runbook for QSFP28 board routing with 7-step loop
ROUTING_CHECKPOINT_v7.md Router evolution history (v2–v7), 22-citation RAG architecture, JLCPCB constraints
ROUTING_DRC_MECHANISM.md DRC-safe mechanism documented through 8 failure iterations (76,643 → ~348 violations)
ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_DIFF_PAIR.md P+N differential pair routing: detection, flow, DDR byte lane grouping
ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_ROW_LAYER_FANOUT.md BGA row-to-layer pre-assignment (16 rows across 5 signal layers)
ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_CACHED_INCREMENTAL.md Route cache, random-retry, GND via stitching reservoirs, short-path optimization
ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_TARGET_FIRST.md Route from periphery toward BGA for better channel utilization
ROUTING_TECHNIQUE_CONGESTION_HEATMAP.md Congestion map construction, hotspot analysis, retry strategy
placement.json JSON Fixed-part coordinates (U1, J1–J3, U2–U7, MH1–MH6) with placement standard metadata
board_inventory.json / board_inventory_qsfp28.json JSON 352-part, 323-net, 2,390-pad board inventory extracted from live PCB
TI_TIDA00423_NETLIST_EASYEDA.json / .csv / .net Multiple TI netlist in EasyEDA format for conversion
This package ships on a single Blu-ray disc, posted to the delivery address on your order. The archive on the disc is AES-256 encrypted; the passphrase is sent separately, by email, once the disc is despatched — so the disc alone is of no use to anyone who intercepts it.
Discs are despatched by tracked, signed-for post. Allow 5 business days for mastering and verification before despatch.
Photo

Footnotes
- Product number 8525.
- Family: autophi pcie cards.
- Purchase: When you buy, you buy the use of that blueprint only.